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Brain Development and Learning Disabilities

Brain Development and Learning Disabilities

Does your youngster have trouble connecting letters and sounds? Or, are they unable to distinguish between words with similar sounds or rhyming words? Or, having issues with spelling, reading, or writing? These are some of the signs and symptoms of learning disability. In general, 5% of school age children are affected by learning disabilities. Learn how to spot a learning issue in your child and what you can do to assist.

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What IS learning difficulty?

Learning disabilities are a group of disorders in which children have significant difficulties gathering and applying their listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities. These disorders are unique to the individual, vary greatly between individuals, and are thought to be caused by central nervous system dysfunction. A learning disability may coexist with other handicapping conditions (e.g., sensory impairment, intellectual impairment, social and emotional disturbance) or environmental influences (e.g., cultural differences, insufficient/inappropriate instruction), but it is not the direct result of those conditions or influences.

Signs of learning disability:

The following are common indicators that a person may have learning disabilities:

  • Problems with mathematics
  • Poor memory
  • Trouble following directions
  • Trouble telling time
  • Problems in  reading and/or writing
  • Problems paying attention
  • Clumsiness
  • Problems staying organized

A child with a learning disability may also have one or more of the following characteristics:

  • Acting without really thinking about possible outcomes (impulsiveness)
  • “Acting out” in school or social situations
  • Difficulty staying focused; being easily distracted
  • Difficulty saying a word correctly out loud or expressing thoughts
  • Problems with school performance from week to week or day to day
  • Speaking like a younger child; using short, simple phrases; or leaving out words in sentences
  • Having a hard time listening
  • Problems dealing with changes in schedule or situations
  • Problems understanding words or concepts

Also, check Sensory Sensitivity in Autism kids

What are the common characteristics of learning disabilities?

The majority of learning disabilities are classified as either verbal or nonverbal.

Verbal:

Difficulties with both spoken and written language. Some people with verbal learning disabilities can read and write well but struggle with other aspects of language (for example, they may be able to sound out a sentence or paragraph perfectly (thus reading well), but they can’t make sense of what they are reading or form a mental picture of the situation they have read about).

Non-verbal:

Difficulty writing because the brain is unable to coordinate the many simultaneous tasks required (e.g. from moving their hand to form letter shapes to remembering the correct grammar required in a sentence). Difficulty processing what they see (for example, having difficulty making sense of visual details such as numbers on a blackboard, mistaking the ‘+’ for the ‘-‘ in Math). Difficulties comprehending abstract concepts like fractions.

Also, check How eye contact can be improved in Autistic children?

Some of the learning disabilities:

1. Dyslexia

This has implications for reading decoding and can also cause spelling and writing difficulties. Because reading and writing are essential components of most school curricula, children with undiagnosed dyslexia can quickly fall behind their peers due to difficulties with note-taking, reading, homework, writing assignments, and assessments.

2. Attention difficulties

Attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were previously lumped together under the umbrella term ADD. ADHD children can have poor impulse control, be fidgety, and produce sloppy written work. Reading comprehension, task retention, following directions, completing lengthy projects, and organization can all be difficult.

3. Dysgraphia

Children who suffer from dysgraphia have difficulty writing and may produce illegible text. Writing can be laborious, requiring a long period of time to complete and causing frustration and stress. For people with dysgraphia, the spatial orientation and planning aspects of writing can be challenging. Moreover, it is difficult for them to stay within the margins, use punctuation, and choose between capital and lowercase letters.

4. Dyscalculia

Dyscalculia is a problem with number processing. Children with dyscalculia may struggle with simple arithmetic. They might be unsure how to approach a math/maths problem. The spatial aspect of balancing equations, as well as grouping numbers and performing the correct order of operations, can be difficult at times.

5. Dyspraxia

Dyspraxia is a motor skill difficulty that can have an impact on academic performance. This is because it affects muscle planning and coordination, including that of the hand. Because it is painful to grip the pen or pencil in written language production, writing may contain more spelling errors and less text as a result. The muscles of the face, mouth, and throat are affected in cases of verbal dyspraxia/apraxia of speech, limiting spoken language production.

Also, check Learning Disability in Kids

Methods for Promoting Learning and Brain Development:

1. Discover Your Learning Style:

Just like some people enjoy bikes while others prefer scooters, your brain may have its own preferred method of learning. Some people learn best by listening, while others learn best by seeing pictures or doing things with their hands. Understanding how your brain prefers to learn can make a significant difference.

Also check: Tips for personality development.

2. Break Things Down:

Consider creating a towering structure out of blocks. Isn’t it easier to do it step by step? Learning operates in the same manner. Divide large work into smaller parts. This can assist your brain in understanding and remembering information gradually.

3. Use Visual Aids and Stories:

Words can be difficult at times. But what about photos and stories? They’re like brain assistants! It’s easier to remember what you’re learning when you see visuals or hear tales about it.

Alos, check

4. Try, Try, and Again:

Do you remember when you first learned to ride a bike? Did you really give up? It’s normal for learning new things to take a few tries. Every time you train, your brain grows stronger.

5. Ask for Help: 

 Just like asking for directions when you’re lost, asking for assistance with studying is perfectly acceptable. Teachers, parents, and friends can all assist you in your educational path.

6. Create a Comfortable Learning Environment: 

Your brain, like a cosy nook for reading, needs a comfortable learning environment. Find a calm, well-lit area where you can concentrate better. A relaxing environment allows your brain to concentrate on learning and comprehension.

7. Use Technology Wisely:

Technology may be an excellent learning tool. Technology, whether in the form of instructional apps, online tutorials, or interactive games, can make learning more enjoyable. Just keep it in mind and don’t let it distract you from your main purpose.

Also check: THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON DEVELOPING BRAIN

8. Practice Mindfulness and Relaxation:

Learning can be stressful at times. Mindfulness techniques, such as deep breathing or short meditations, can assist to calm your brain. A relaxed brain is more receptive to new knowledge and challenges.

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